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Concept

Encapsulation in Python

Restricting direct access to an object's components using protected and private attribute naming conventions.

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Restricting direct access to certain components of an object, usually by using private variables and methods.

class Person:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self._name = name  # Protected attribute
        self.__age = age   # Private attribute


    def display_details(self):
        return f"Name: {self._name}, Age: {self.__age}"


# Accessing protected attribute
person = Person("Alice", 30)
print(person._name)  # Output: Alice


# Accessing private attribute (not recommended, it's intended to be private)
# This will cause an AttributeError
# print(person.__age)